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托福TPO63阅读Passage 2题目

1. (单选题)Which part of a comet is described in the passage as a "dirty ice ball" ?

A. The nucleus

B. The coma

C. The dust tail

D. The ion tail

2. (多选题)Select the TWO answer choices from paragraph 1 that describe changes that occur as a comet approaches the Sun. To receive credit, you must select TWO answers.

A. Water, methane, and ammonia condense into a core.

B. The icy content of the comet begins to vaporize

C. The comet s halo decreases in size

D. Dust particles and vapor form a coma

3. (单选题)The word "luminosity" in the passage is closest in meaning to

O A. immensity

O B. development

O C. display

O D. brilliance

4. (单选题)The word "imparts" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. shows

B. gives

C. confirms

D. maintains

5. (单选题)According to paragraphs 2 and 3, all of the following statements about comet tails are true EXCEPT:

A. Ion tails are created by ultraviolet radiation

B. Photons are active in creating both ion tails and dust tails.

C. Dust tails follow in the path of a comet.

D. Ion tails have a curved shape and yellowish color.

6. (单选题)According to paragraph 3, the tails of a comet

A. flow in the same direction as the radiation that produces them

B. become straighter as the comet moves away from the Sun

O C. are pulled toward the Sun

D. can become detached from the comet head if the solar winds are strong enough

7. (单选题) Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. [Paragraph 4] Although the nucleus is of the order of a few kilometers in size, the diameter of the coma may be tens or hundreds of thousands of kilometers, the tails typically extend out tens or hundreds of millions of kilometers away from the coma.

A. The diameter of a coma is usually larger than the tails that extend away from it while the nucleus is much smaller.

B. The diameters of the nucleus, coma, and tail of a comet exhibit minor differences in size.

C. The nucleus is reduced in size, while the coma and tails extend far into space

D. Comet tails are much larger than the coma, which is much larger than the nucleus

8. (单选题)The word "strewn" in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. combined

B. damaged

C. observed

D. scattered

9. (单选题)According to paragraph 5, what happens when Earth passes through the dust trail of a comet?

A. Dust particles burn up in Earth, s atmosphere.

B. The comet7 s orbit is changed.

C. The dust trail is completely destroyed

D. The comet' s tails change direction.

10. (单选题)What does paragraph 6 imply about comets that are visible from Earth?

A. The visible comets grow brighter as they grow older

B. The comets that are visible from Earth today have not been orbiting close to the Sun throughout the history of the solar syste m

C. There were fewer visible comets during the early history of the solar system than there are today.

D. The average lifetime of the visible comets is decreasing.

11 .(单选题)Why does the author end paragraph 6 with a question?

A. To indicate that certain information about comets is unknown

B. To introduce a topic that will be clarified in the next paragraph

C. To propose an area that requires further research

D. To challenge theories that were presented earlier in the passage

12. (单选题)According to paragraph 7, how did astronomer Jan Oort contribute to our understanding of comets?

A. He theorized that comets form when passing stars push chunks of debris from the outer to the inner solar system

B. He proposed a way of comparing comets in our own solar system with those that orbit other stars.

C. He explained that the lifetime of a comet depends on its distance from the Sun at the time the solar system was formed.

u. oeners

13. (单选题)Look at the four squares [】that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage

For example, the so-called mystery religions, some of which originated in the formerly independent countries of Egypt, Anatolia, and Persia, attracted a number of followers in Rome.

Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [] to add the sentence to the passage.

[Paragraph 7] Although the Romans had gods of their own, they also adopted many Greek gods and myths and assimilated Greek religious beliefs and practices into a form of state religion. [A] To these gods they added their own deified emperors, in part to maintain the allegiance of the culturally diverse populations of the empire. [B] Worship of ancient gods mingled with homage to past rulers, and oaths of allegiance to the living ruler made the official religion a political duty-increasingly ritualized, perfunctory, and distant from the everyday life of the average person. [C] As a result, many Romans adopted the more personal religious beliefs of the people they had conquered. [D] These unauthorized religions flourished, despite occasional government efforts to suppress them.

O A. A

O B. B

O C. C

O D. D

14. (多选题)There were a number of different reasons for the greatness of the Roman Empire.

Answer Choices

A. The Romans allowed the legal and administrative structures of conquered lands to operate independently of Rome.

B. The Romans developed a wide variety of techniques and institutions to efficiently administer their territories.

C. Landscape and nature were not represented in the decorations inside Roman homes

D. Greek culture had a significant impact on the art and religious beliefs of the Romans.

E. The Romans built architectural structures that are still functional today.

F. The Roman government made attempts to eliminate unauthorized religions

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