托福阅读场景词汇：历史社会类英语词汇四节【新航道原创】

1托福阅读场景词汇：历史社会相关英语词汇四节

democracy 

释义•n.民主；民主主义；民主政治

例句•By any measure other than that of the aristocrats, who had been upstaged by the supposedly inferior “people”， the Athenian democracy was a stunning success. (TPO 40-1)

派生•democratic adj.民主的；民主政治的；大众的

democratization n.民主化

anthropologist 

释义•n.人类学家；人类学者

例句•The process perceived by these anthropologists may be summarized briefly. (TPO 1-2)

advertiser  

释义•n.广告商：广告人员；登广告者

例句。Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media , and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook.(TPO 49-3)

pasture  

释义•置义•历救场；草地；收革,放收；吃草

例句。The fencing of common fields and pastures in order to provide more compact, efficient privately held agricultural parcels that would produce more goods and greater profits (TPO 49-3)

plow 

释义•n.犁v犁；耕地；开路

例句。Because eastern plows could not penetrate the densely tangled roots of prairie grass, the earliest settlers erected farms along the boundary separating the forest from the prairie.(TPO 33-1)

Babylon 

释义•n.巴比伦

例句。Cuneiform writing lasted for some 3,000 years, in a vast line of succession that ran through Sumer , Akkad , Assyria, Nineveh, and Babylon. (TPO 39-1)

childhood  

释义•n.幼年时代；童年时期

例句•Maturation of the frontal lobes of the brain continues throughout early childhood.(TPO 6-3)

troop 

释义•n.军队；群；多数v.群集；成群而行；结队

例句•With the conquest of Britain by Roman troops, the Roman Empire gained considerable economic strength. (TPO 19-2)

egalitarian 

释义•adj.平等主义的n.平等主义；平等主义者

例句•This mode of craft production favored the growth of self-governing and ideologically egalitarian craft guilds everywhere in the Middle Eastern city.(TPO 16-1)

aboriginal  

释义•adj.土著的；原始的n.土著居民；土生生物

例句•Motifs of seeming simplicity can encode complex meanings in Aboriginal Australia (TPO 23-3)

autonomy 

释义•n.自治；自治权

例句•Its public display and private possession laid the basis for temporal autonomy.(TPO 30-3)

fertilizer  

释义•n.肥料；受精媒介物；促进发展者

例句•The casts form a high-quality natural fertilizer. (TPO 36-1)

islander 

释义•n.岛上居民

例句•Pacific islanders are variously thought to have come from North America, South America, Egypt, Israel, and India, as well as Southeast Asia.(TPO 5-2)

legal  

释义•adj.法律的；合法的；依照法律的

例句•Local rulers could no longer protect their relatives and attendants in legal cases. (TPO 32-2)

cohesion 

释义•n.凝聚；结合

例句•The source of Roman obsession with unity and cohesion may well have lain in the pattern of Rome's early development.（TPO 7-2)

colonizer  

释义•n.殖民者；移民

例句•If colonizers produce short-lived reproductive propagules ,they must produce very large numbers unless they have an efficient means of dispersal to suitable new habitats.(TPO 32-1)

linguistic  

释义•ad.语言的；语言学的

例句•The culture of that time, based on archaeology and linguistic reconstruction.(TPO 5-2)

Neolithic  

释义•adj. 新石器时代的；早先的

例句•These have changed constantly through time, even in relatively recent periods, as can be seen from the Neolithic stone circle of Er Lannic.(TPO 49-1)

polis 

释义•n.城邦

例句•One of the most important changes in Greece during the period from 800 B.C. to 500 B.C. was the rise of the polis, or city-state.(TPO 40-1)

president 

释义•n.总统；董事长；校长；主席

例句•The President is the direct representative of the American people.(OG 1-1)

派生•presidential adj.总统的；首长的；统辖的

redistribution 

释义•n.重新分配

例句•Redistribution of these goods through society lay in the hands of chiefs, religious leaders, or kin groups. (TPO 41-3)

privileged  

释义•adj.享有特权的

例句•Portraiture, once a luxury for the privileged few, was suddenly well within the reach of many more people.(TPO 22-2)

warrior 

释义•n.武士；勇士；斗士

例句•Some people became artisans or merchants, while others became warriors , scholars ,or priests,(TPO 33.1)

marriage  

释义•n.结婚；婚姻生活

例句。Their worship was linked to the rituals connected with one is progress through ife-bith, marriage ,and death.(TPO43-1)

constitution  

释义•n.宪法；构造；建立

例句。The Portuguese revolutionaries framed a liberal constitution for the kingdom, but they were conservative or reactionary in relation to Brazil.(TPO 50-2)

monarchy 

释义•n.君主制；君主政体

例句。They demanded the immediate return of King Joao to Lisbon an end to the system of dual monarchy that he had devised.（TPO 50-2)

Civic  

释义•adj.市民的；市政的

例句•On one hand were the buildings produced for the wealthy or for civic purposes, which tended to echo the architecture of the past and to use traditional styles of ornamentation.(TPO37-3)

2值得推荐的英语词汇记忆法

1.形象记忆法

形象记忆之所以一直受到追从是在于它把原先的机械记忆通过形象联想转化成了逻辑记忆，因而摆脱了死记硬背。形象记忆又分很多种，相对用得较为广泛的应该是 谐音形象记忆，就是把有些知识按照其他熟悉的同音语言去理解，使之生动，有趣。那么作为以中文为母语的学习者而言当然是汉字。用谐音记忆法通常会有意想不 到的效果。例如： ache------a+che，可以理解为“啊。。。车。。。撞到了--------痛”。

2.卡片记忆法

自己制作单词卡片，卡片写上词形、词性、词义、音标、搭配、例句等，随身携带进行单词记忆。可以按照字母顺序，每日几词的方式。

3.对比记忆法

英汉对比。如：radar(雷达)，cigar(雪茄)，beer(啤酒)，bar(酒吧), shark(鲨鱼)，fee(费)等。

同音词对比法。如：right-write，eye-I，meet-meat等。

单复数对比法。如：wood-woods，good-goods等。

同词异意对比法。如：bear, bill, scale等。

常考的雅思听力类词汇就是以上这些，如在学习过程中发现错误或者有问题咨询的话，欢迎添加新航道专业老师微信(微信号：shnc_2018)进行详细咨询。