托福阅读插入题解题本质及原则解析

句子插入题本来是属于托福阅读10种题型中比较简单的类型，但是许多同学都会因为缺乏对题型考点的认识以及对句子插入题一个本质和一个原则的忽略而导致失分很多。下面小编就来为大家具体讲解托福阅读句子插入题的本质和原则。

托福阅读句子插入题本质：插入句“可有可无”

本题的出题位置大家比较清楚，一般处于倒数第二题的位置，并且用来出题的段落是大家应该在前面的题目中已经见到过，而之前的题目和文章既然大家理解起来没有出现大的障碍，就说明插入进来的句子是一句可有可无的话。这就要从两个方面来理解了。

何为“可有”?

既然插入句能放进原文中去，就说明它和原文是有一定关系的，所以叫“可有”，这也就意味着，插入句的部分含义是在原文中有所重复的。所以我们的重点是回到文中找那部分被重复的句意。例如：

█Watt's steam engine soon showed what it could do. █It liberated industry fromdependence on running water. █The engine eliminated water in the mines by drivingefficient pumps, which m-ade possible deeper and deeper mining. █The ready availability ofcoal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttimeillumination to be discovered in a mill-ennium and a half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps andflickering candles, a-nd early in the new century, well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed togaslit houses and even streets. Iron manufacturers, which had starved for fuel while dependingon charcoal, also benefited from ever-increasing supplies of coal: b-last furnaces with steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery. Steam became themotive force of the Industrial Revolu-tion as coal and iron ore were the raw materials.

(托福官方真题6-Powering the Industrial Revolution)

Look at the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence coul-d be added tothe passage.

The factories did not have to go to the streams when power could come to th-e factories.

Where would the sentence best fit?

在上题中，“liberated industry from dependence on running water”和 “The factories did not have to go to the streams”句意便发生了重合。所以我们可以确定，文中第二句话的前后应该是我们可以选择的范围。

何为“可无”?

这个便是经常被大家忽略的地方。既然这句话，可以省略，那么这个插入句究竟要符合什么特点呢?还是以上题为例，我们发现 “liberated industry from dependence on running water”和 “The factories didnot have to go to the streams”句意发生了重合，那究竟应该把插入句放在第二个█还是第三个█呢?这时就需要分情况讨论了：

情况1：放在第二个█，也就是说我们认为插入句是和下文有关系，既然要符合“可无”这个本质，所以说插入句必须是对下文概括或者引出。

情况2：放在第三个█，也就是说我们认为插入句是和上文有关系，既然要符合“可无”这个本质，所以说插入句必须是对上文进一步解释。

综合以上两种情况，我们会发现，插入句要么总结引出下文，要么进一步解释上文。所以我们会发现，在插入题中，前一句的叙述范围应该总比后一句大。

根据上述内容，也就引出了我们需要注意的一个非常重要的做题原则：

托福阅读句子插入题原则介绍

在插入题中，句子的叙述顺序遵循从大到小，从抽象到具体的原则。找到重复的句意后，按照大小顺序安置插入句的位置。

在上题中，“liberated industry from dependence on running water”的意思是解放了工厂对水流的依赖。 “The factories did not have to go to the streams”的意思是工厂不用去往河流的位置。显然前者说得更概括和抽象，后者更具体，所以按照从大到小的顺序，应该选择第二个█。

托福阅读句子插入题本质原则实例讲解

Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynasties introduced newforms and different technologies. One of the most far-reaching e-xamples is the impact of thefine ninth-century AD. Chinese porcelain ware-s imported into the Arab world. █So admiredwere these pieces that they encouraged the development of earthenware made in imitation ofporcelain and instigated research into the meth-od of their manufacture. █From the MiddleEast the Chinese acquired a blue pigment—a purified form of cobalt oxide unobtainable atthat time in China—that contained only a low l-evel of manganese. Cobalt ores found in Chinahave a high manganese conte-nt, which produces a more muted blue-gray color. █In theseventeenth century, the trading activities of the Dutch East India Com-pany resulted in vastquantities of decorated Chinese porcelain being brough-t to Europe, which stimulated andinfluenced the work of a wide variety of wares, notably Delft. █The Chinese themselvesadapted many specific vessel forms from the West, such as bottles with long spouts, anddesigned a range of decorative pattern-s especially for the European market.

(托福官方真题10-Chinese Pottery)

Look at the four squares [█]that indicate where the following sentence could be added tothe passage.

Foreign trade was also responsible for certain innovations in coloring.

Where could the sentence best fit?

在上题中，我们发现，插入句的“certain innovations in coloring”与原文中的“the Chinese acquired a blue pigment”句意进行了重复，显然，插入句说得更概括，范围更大，所以根据从大到小的原则，应该选择第二个█。

以上就是托福阅读句子插入题的本质和原则介绍，解答这一题型有困难的同学赶紧学起来。

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